An Updated Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

Ling Tong; Bei-Bei Wang; Fei-Hong Li; Shu-Ping Lv; Fei-Fei Pan; Xin-Jiang Dong

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.794445

An Updated Meta-Analysis of the Relationship Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Apr 29:9:794445. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.794445. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Ling Tong¹, Bei-Bei Wang², Fei-Hong Li³, Shu-Ping Lv⁴, Fei-Fei Pan⁵, Xin-Jiang Dong⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
² Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Jinzhong, Jinzhong, China.
³ Department of Cardiology, Yantai Yeda Hospital, Yantai, China.
⁴ Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, China.
⁵ Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
⁶ Department of Cardiology, Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan, China.

Abstract

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. Although the traditional risk factors for CHD have been identified, it seems that there are still many CHD cases without these factors. Previous studies have hypothesized that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection was associated with the risk of CHD.

Objective: The association between H. pylori infection and the risk of CHD was studied using a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis method.

Methods: In order to find relevant studies, four electronic databases were systematically searched until August 2021. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies were screened and data were extracted. Under the random-effects or the fixed-effects model, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were combined. All analyses were conducted using Review Manager software (RevMan 5.4).

Results: Among the included studies, 2 studies were analyzed for H. pylori stool antigen test, 2 studies were analyzed for H. pylori histological staining test, 13 studies were analyzed for the anti-CagA test, and 38 studies were analyzed for the anti-H. pylori IgG test. The pooled results revealed that positive anti-H. pylori IgG was significantly associated with an increased risk of CHD (OR, 1.58; 95% CI: 1.34-1.87). Similarly, positive anti-CagA, positive H. pylori stool antigen, and positive H. pylori histological staining were significantly associated with the development of CHD with (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.16-1.53), (OR: 3.50, 95% CI: 1.60-7.66), and (OR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.12-2.83), respectively.

Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that H. pylori infection increased the risk of CHD. However, more studies are needed to further investigate whether early eradication of H. pylori may reduce the morbidity of CHD.

Keywords: H. pylori histological staining test; H. pylori stool antigen test; Helicobacter pylori; anti-CagA test; anti-H. pylori IgG test; coronary heart disease; meta-analysis; systematic review.

Publication types

Systematic Review