Available Energy of Trapped Electrons and Its Relation to Turbulent Transport

Phys Rev Lett. 2022 Apr 29;128(17):175001. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.175001.

Abstract

Any collisionless plasma possesses some "available energy" (AE), defined as that part of the thermal energy that can be converted into instabilities and turbulence. Here, we present a calculation of the AE carried by magnetically trapped electrons in a flux tube of collisionless plasma. The AE is compared with nonlinear simulations of the energy flux resulting from collisionless turbulence driven by trapped-electron modes in various magnetic geometries. The numerical calculation of AE is rapid and shows a strong correlation with the simulated energy fluxes, which can be expressed as a power law and understood in terms of a simple model.