Rapid and Synchronous Breeding of Cytoplasmic Male Sterile and Maintainer Line Through Mitochondrial DNA Rearrangement Using Doubled Haploid Inducer in Brassica napus

Wei Zhang; Haoran Shi; Ying Zhou; Xingyu Liang; Xuan Luo; Chaowen Xiao; Yun Li; Peizhou Xu; Jisheng Wang; Wanzhuo Gong; Qiong Zou; Lanrong Tao; Zeming Kang; Rong Tang; Zhuang Li; Jin Yang; Shaohong Fu

doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.871006

Rapid and Synchronous Breeding of Cytoplasmic Male Sterile and Maintainer Line Through Mitochondrial DNA Rearrangement Using Doubled Haploid Inducer in Brassica napus

Front Plant Sci. 2022 Apr 26:13:871006. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.871006. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Wei Zhang^{1

2

3}, Haoran Shi^{1

2}, Ying Zhou^{1

2

3}, Xingyu Liang^{1

2

4}, Xuan Luo^{1

2

4}, Chaowen Xiao⁵, Yun Li^{1

2}, Peizhou Xu⁶, Jisheng Wang^{1

2}, Wanzhuo Gong^{1

2}, Qiong Zou^{1

2}, Lanrong Tao^{1

2}, Zeming Kang^{1

2}, Rong Tang^{1

2}, Zhuang Li³, Jin Yang^{1

2}, Shaohong Fu^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, China.
² Chengdu Research Branch, National Rapeseed Genetic Improvement Center, Chengdu, China.
³ Agricultural College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
⁴ Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
⁵ Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
⁶ Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.

Abstract

When homozygously fertile plants were induced using doubled haploid (DH) induction lines Y3380 and Y3560, the morphology of the induced F₁ generation was basically consistent with the female parent, but the fertility was separated, showing characteristics similar to cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) and maintainer lines. In this study, the morphology, fertility, ploidy, and cytoplasm genotype of the induced progeny were identified, and the results showed that the sterile progeny was polima cytoplasm sterile (pol CMS) and the fertile progeny was nap cytoplasm. The molecular marker and test-cross experimental results showed that the fertile progeny did not carry the restorer gene of pol CMS and the genetic distance between the female parent and the offspring was 0.002. This suggested that those inductions which produced sterile and fertile progeny were coordinated to CMS and maintainer lines. Through the co-linearity analysis of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), it was found that the rearrangement of mtDNA by DH induction was the key factor that caused the transformation of fertility (nap) into sterility (pol). Also, when heterozygous females were induced with DH induction lines, the induction F₂ generation also showed the segregation of fertile and sterile lines, and the genetic distance between sterile and fertile lines was approximately 0.075. Therefore, the induction line can induce different types of female parents, and the breeding of the sterile line and the maintainer line can be achieved through the rapid synchronization of sister crosses and self-crosses. The induction of DH inducer in B. napus can provide a new model for the innovation of germplasm resources and open up a new way for its application.

Keywords: cytoplasmic male sterile lines (CMS); double haploid inducer; maintainer lines; mitochondrial DNA; rapid breeding.