Nutritional status, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of different fruits and vegetables' peels

Yumna Sadef; Tayyaba Javed; Rimsha Javed; Adeel Mahmood; Mona S Alwahibi; Mohamed S Elshikh; Mohamed Ragab AbdelGawwa; Jawaher Haji Alhaji; Rabab Ahmed Rasheed

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0265566

Nutritional status, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of different fruits and vegetables' peels

PLoS One. 2022 May 12;17(5):e0265566. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265566. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Yumna Sadef¹, Tayyaba Javed¹, Rimsha Javed², Adeel Mahmood², Mona S Alwahibi³, Mohamed S Elshikh³, Mohamed Ragab AbdelGawwa⁴, Jawaher Haji Alhaji⁵, Rabab Ahmed Rasheed⁶

Affiliations

¹ College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
² Department of Environmental Sciences, GC Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan.
³ Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Genetics & Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, International University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
⁵ Department of Health Sciences, College of Applied Studies and Community Service, King Saud University, KSA, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Histology & Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt.

Abstract

The present study assessed nutritional status, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic content in fruits, i.e., mango (Mangifera indica), apple (Malus domestica), and vegetable, i.e., bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), and ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) peels. The antioxidant activity and total phenolic content (TPC) were evaluated by using methanol extracts along with 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) assay, respectively having Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and Gallic acid (GA) as standard. The TPC and antioxidant activity in the peels ranged from 20 mg GAE/g to 525 mg GAE/g and 15.02% to 75.95%, respectively, which revealed that investigated fruit and vegetable peels are rich source of phytochemical constituents. Bottle gourd peels exhibited the highest value of DPPH compared to the rest of the peels included in the study. Likewise, mango peels had the highest TPC as compared to the rest of the fruit peels. This research showed that the utilization of agricultural wastes should be promoted at commercial level to achieve the nutritional benefit at zero cost and minimize the generation of biological waste.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Antioxidants / chemistry
Fruit / chemistry
Malus*
Mangifera* / chemistry
Nutritional Status
Phenols / chemistry
Plant Extracts / chemistry
Vegetables

Substances

Antioxidants
Phenols
Plant Extracts

Grants and funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Researchers supporting project number (RSP-2021/173), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.