Incidence, mortality, risk factors, and trends for Hodgkin lymphoma: a global data analysis

Junjie Huang; Wing Sze Pang; Veeleah Lok; Lin Zhang; Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno 3rd; Wanghong Xu; Zhi-Jie Zheng; Edmar Elcarte; Mellissa Withers; Martin C S Wong; NCD Global Health Research Group, Association of Pacific Rim Universities (APRU)

doi:10.1186/s13045-022-01281-9

Incidence, mortality, risk factors, and trends for Hodgkin lymphoma: a global data analysis

J Hematol Oncol. 2022 May 11;15(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s13045-022-01281-9.

Affiliations

¹ The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Room 407, 4/F, Postgraduate Education Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China.
² Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
³ School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
⁴ School of Public Health, The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
⁵ Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
⁶ School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
⁷ Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
⁸ University of the Philippines, Manila, The Philippines.
⁹ Department of Population and Health Sciences, USC Institute On Inequalities in Global Health, APRU Global Health Program, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Soto Street Building, SSB318G, 2001 North Soto Street, MC 9239, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-9239, USA. mwithers@usc.edu.
¹⁰ The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Room 407, 4/F, Postgraduate Education Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China. wong_martin@cuhk.edu.hk.
¹¹ School of Public Health, The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. wong_martin@cuhk.edu.hk.
¹² Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. wong_martin@cuhk.edu.hk.

Abstract

Background: Hodgkin lymphoma is a lymphatic malignancy commonly found in cervical lymph nodes. This study evaluated the worldwide incidence, mortality, associated risk factors, and temporal trends of Hodgkin lymphoma by sex, age, and country.

Methods: The age-standardised Hodgkin lymphoma incidence and mortality were retrieved from the GLOBOCAN, CI5 volumes I-XI, WHO mortality database, the NORDCAN and SEER Program. The age-standardised prevalence of smoking, alcohol drinking, obesity, and hypertension was also extracted for each country. Trends were tested using Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) from Joinpoint regression analysis.

Results: The Hodgkin lymphoma incidence and mortality were 0.98 and 0.26 per 100,000 in 2020. A higher incidence was observed in high-income countries, while higher mortality was found in low-income countries. Incidence and mortality were associated with GDP per capita, prevalence of smoking, obesity, and hypertension at the population level. Despite the decreasing mortality trend, there was an increasing incidence, especially among females, younger population, and subjects from Asian countries.

Conclusions: There was an increasing trend in Hodgkin lymphoma incidence, especially among subjects who were female, younger population, and from Asian countries. Further studies are needed to investigate the reasons for these epidemiologic trends.

Keywords: Hodgkin lymphoma; Incidence; Mortality; Risk factors; Temporal trend.

MeSH terms

Data Analysis
Female
Global Health
Hodgkin Disease* / epidemiology
Humans
Hypertension*
Incidence
Male
Obesity / complications
Obesity / epidemiology
Risk Factors