Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and pathological types and outcome of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC). Methods: 30 cases of cHCC-CC were collected from Jan 2007 to Jun 2021 at General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, People's Liberation Army of China, and analyzed the clinicopathological features, immunohistochemistry and outcome. The histological morphology was classified according to the Goodman standard and the fifth edition of World Health Organization (WHO) classification of digestive system tumors. Results: According to the Goodman classification, 9 cases belonged to type Ⅰ (i.e., collision tumor), with a coincidental occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma in the same specimen, and 21 cases were Type Ⅱ or "transitional tumors", in which there were areas of intermediate differentiation and an identifiable transition between hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. According to the WHO classification of digestive system tumors (5th Edition), 25 cases were classified in cHCC-CC, and 5 cases were cHCC-CC-Intermediate cell carcinoma. There were 28 males and 2 females, with an average age of 50.4 (31-72) years old. 21 cases accompanied liver cirrhosis, with liver flukes in 1 case and HBsAg positive in 23 cases. Immunohistochemical staining showed nestin was positive in 9 cases, 66.7% died (6/9) and 33.3% (3/9) survived only 6 months. The 1-year recurrence rate was 3.9% for liver resection and 50% for orthotopic liver transplantation, and liver resection has longer median survival time than liver transplantation after recurrence. Conclusions: cHCC-CC is a rare type of primary liver malignant tumor. Preoperative diagnosis is difficult. The definite diagnosis depends on histopathological morphology and immunohistochemical markers. Nestin may be as a prognosis factor, and surgical treatment is preferably liver resection.
目的： 探讨混合型肝细胞-胆管细胞癌（cHCC-CC）的病理形态特征及病理分型与预后的相关性。 方法： 收集2007年1月至2021年6月中国人民解放军南部战区总医院30例cHCC-CC患者的临床资料，依据Goodman标准及第5版世界卫生组织（WHO）消化系统肿瘤分类分别对组织形态学进行分型，并分析其与预后的关系。 结果： 30例患者中其中男28例，女2例，平均年龄50.4（31~72）岁。Goodman分型：Ⅰ型（即碰撞型肿瘤）9例，HCC与CC相邻而生，随生长碰撞融合；Ⅱ型（移行型肿瘤）21例，HCC与CC混杂生长于同一瘤体内，两者间见移行过渡。依据2019年第5版消化系统肿瘤WHO分类，cHCC-CC 25例，cHCC-CC-中间细胞癌5例。30例患者21例伴肝硬化，1例伴肝吸虫，23例乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）阳性。9例免疫组化巢蛋白（Nestin）阳性，66.7%死亡（6/9），33.3（3/9）仅存活6个月。1年复发肝切除术率3.9%，原位肝移植术50%。复发后肝叶切除术比肝移植术总体生存期长（1年复发率和生存率为8.3%和66.6%，5年生存率33.3%（3/9）。复发率虽较低，但大多数患者（8/12）在移植术后半年到2年内，因肿瘤转移等脏器并发症而死亡。 结论： cHCC-CC术前诊断困难，确诊依赖组织病理学形态及免疫组化标记，Nestin可能是影响患者预后的因素，肝切除术为更佳的外科治疗策略。.