Novel N-doped ZrO2 with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production and degradation of organic dyes

Yuanyang Wang; Yinghua Zhang; Haiqiang Lu; Yanxin Chen; Zhenmin Liu; Shen Su; Yongbing Xue; Jianfeng Yao; Hongbo Zeng

doi:10.1039/c7ra12938f

Novel N-doped ZrO₂ with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for hydrogen production and degradation of organic dyes

RSC Adv. 2018 Feb 12;8(13):6752-6758. doi: 10.1039/c7ra12938f. eCollection 2018 Feb 9.

Authors

Yuanyang Wang¹, Yinghua Zhang¹, Haiqiang Lu¹, Yanxin Chen¹, Zhenmin Liu¹, Shen Su¹, Yongbing Xue¹, Jianfeng Yao², Hongbo Zeng^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Taiyuan 030024 China luhaiqiang-1900@163.com.
² College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China jfyao@njfu.edu.cn.
³ Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 1H9 Canada hongbo.zeng@ualberta.ca.

Abstract

Two new types of N-doped ZrO₂ photocatalysts ZON and AZON have been synthesized using ethylenediamine as the nitrogen source by a facile and low-cost sol-gel method. The N-doped ZrO₂ samples have been characterized using various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and N₂ adsorption-desorption tests. The XRD analysis shows that the crystallinity of ZON samples calcined at 400-600 °C can be indexed to monoclinic ZrO₂; while the AZON samples calcined at 400-550 °C only show amorphous diffraction patterns. The UV-Vis response of both N-doped ZrO₂ samples can be extended to the visible light regime. The high resolution XPS spectra indicate that N element has been doped in the lattice of ZrO₂. Visible-light photocatalytic reactions using the N-doped ZrO₂ photocatalysts (i.e. ZON, AZON) calcined at 450 °C show the highest hydrogen production rate (2.12 mmol g^-1 h^-1) and best methylene orange degradation performance due to substitutional N-doping of the ZrO₂. The novel N-doped ZrO₂ materials are demonstrated to be very promising photocatalysts with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity. Our results provide useful insights into the development of novel photocatalytic materials for hydrogen production and degradation of organic wastes by narrowing the wide bandgap of semiconductors with high photocatalytic activity under UV-Vis light.