Early COPD Risk Decision for Adults Aged From 40 to 79 Years Based on Lung Radiomics Features

Yingjian Yang; Wei Li; Yingwei Guo; Yang Liu; Qiang Li; Kai Yang; Shicong Wang; Nanrong Zeng; Wenxin Duan; Ziran Chen; Huai Chen; Xian Li; Wei Zhao; Rongchang Chen; Yan Kang

doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.845286

Early COPD Risk Decision for Adults Aged From 40 to 79 Years Based on Lung Radiomics Features

Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Apr 21:9:845286. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.845286. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Yingjian Yang^{1

2}, Wei Li², Yingwei Guo^{1

2}, Yang Liu², Qiang Li^{1

2}, Kai Yang³, Shicong Wang², Nanrong Zeng², Wenxin Duan², Ziran Chen², Huai Chen⁴, Xian Li⁴, Wei Zhao⁵, Rongchang Chen^{3

6

7}, Yan Kang^{1

2

8}

Affiliations

¹ College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.
² Medical Device Innovation Center, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China.
³ Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
⁴ Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
⁵ Medical Engineering, Liaoning Provincial Crops Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Shenyang, China.
⁶ The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
⁷ The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
⁸ Engineering Research Centre of Medical Imaging and Intelligent Analysis, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, China.

Abstract

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a preventable lung disease, has the highest prevalence in the elderly and deserves special consideration regarding earlier warnings in this fragile population. The impact of age on COPD is well known, but the COPD risk of the aging process in the lungs remains unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the COPD risk of the aging process in the lungs, providing an early COPD risk decision for adults.

Methods: COPD risk is evaluated for adults to make an early COPD risk decision from the perspective of lung radiomics features. First, the subjects are divided into four groups according to the COPD stages. Their ages are divided into eight equal age intervals in each group. Second, four survival Cox models are established based on the lung radiomics features to evaluate the risk probability from COPD stage 0 to suffering COPD and COPD stages. Finally, four risk ranks are defined by equally dividing the COPD risk probability from 0 to 1. Subsequently, the COPD risk at different stages is evaluated with varying age intervals to provide an early COPD risk decision.

Results: The evaluation metrics area under the curve (AUC)/C index of four survival Cox models are 0.87/0.94, 0.84/0.83, 0.94/0.89, and 0.97/0.86, respectively, showing the effectiveness of the models. The risk rank levels up every 5 years for the subjects who had suffered COPD after 60. For the subjects with COPD stage 0, the risk rank of suffering COPD stage I levels up every 5 years after the age of 65 years, and the risk rank of suffering COPD stages II and III & IV levels up every 5 years after the age of 70 years.

Conclusion: Once the age is above 60 years, the patients with COPD need to take action to prevent the progress and deterioration of COPD. Once the age is above 65 years, the patients with COPD stage 0 need to take precautions against COPD.

Keywords: COPD risk; COPD stage (GOLD); Lasso; aging; early decision; radiomics; survival Cox model.