Effect of template type on the preparation of the emeraldine salt form of polyaniline (PANI-ES) with horseradish peroxidase isoenzyme C (HRPC) and hydrogen peroxide

Tomoyuki Fujisaki; Keita Kashima; Sandra Serrano-Luginbühl; Reinhard Kissner; Danica Bajuk-Bogdanović; Maja Milojević-Rakić; Gordana Ćirić-Marjanović; Stephan Busato; Erlantz Lizundia; Peter Walde

doi:10.1039/c9ra06168a

Effect of template type on the preparation of the emeraldine salt form of polyaniline (PANI-ES) with horseradish peroxidase isoenzyme C (HRPC) and hydrogen peroxide

RSC Adv. 2019 Oct 16;9(57):33080-33095. doi: 10.1039/c9ra06168a. eCollection 2019 Oct 15.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Materials, Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials, ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 8093 Zürich Switzerland peter.walde@mat.ethz.ch.
² Department of Materials Chemistry and Bioengineering, National Institute of Technology, Oyama College 771 Ohaza-Nakakuki Oyama Tochigi 323-0806 Japan.
³ Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2 8093 Zürich Switzerland.
⁴ Faculty for Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade Studentski trg 12-16 11158 Belgrade Serbia.
⁵ Department of Materials, Laboratory for Soft Materials, ETH Zurich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 8093 Zürich Switzerland.
⁶ Department of Graphic Design and Engineering Projects, Bilbao Faculty of Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Bilbao 48103 Spain.
⁷ BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park 48940 Leioa Spain.

Abstract

Horseradish peroxidase isoenzyme C (HRPC) is often used as catalyst for the preparation of the conductive emeraldine salt form of polyaniline (PANI-ES) from aniline and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in the presence of anionic templates in aqueous solution. Here, a direct comparison of three types of soft templates was made, (i) the sodium salt of sulfonated polystyrene (SPS), (ii) micelles from sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), and (iii) vesicles from either a 1 : 1 molar mixture of SDBS and decanoic acid or from AOT (sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate). Based on UV/vis/NIR, EPR and Raman spectroscopy measurements all three types of templates are similarly suitable, with advantages of the two vesicle systems in terms of aniline conversion degree and radical content in the final PANI-ES product. First experiments with sulfated cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) indicate that they are promising rigid templates for the preparation of electroconductive PANI-ES-coated cellulose materials or devices.