Anti-aging potential of cookies from sea grapes in mice fed on cholesterol- and fat-enriched diet: in vitro with in vivo study

Iskari Ngadiarti; Fahrul Nurkolis; Matthew Nathaniel Handoko; Fachruddin Perdana; Happy Kurnia Permatasari; Nurpudji Astuti Taslim; Nelly Mayulu; Defny Silvia Wewengkang; Sutamara Lasurdi Noor; Siti Chairiyah Batubara; Melvin Junior Tanner; Nindy Sabrina

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09348

Anti-aging potential of cookies from sea grapes in mice fed on cholesterol- and fat-enriched diet: in vitro with in vivo study

Heliyon. 2022 Apr 28;8(5):e09348. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09348. eCollection 2022 May.

Affiliations

¹ Nutrition and Dietetics, Health Polytechnic of Jakarta II, Jakarta, 12120, Indonesia.
² Biological Sciences, State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga (UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta), Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
³ Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia.
⁴ Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicince, University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa, Serang, 42118, Indonesia.
⁵ Department of Biochemistry and Biomolecular, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia.
⁶ Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia.
⁷ Nutrition and Food, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, 95115, Indonesia.
⁸ Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, 95115, Indonesia.
⁹ Clinical and Public Health Nutrition Programme, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
¹⁰ Food Technology Department, Sahid University of Jakarta, South Jakarta, 12870, Indonesia.
¹¹ Nutrition, University of Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia.
¹² Nutrition Department, Sahid University of Jakarta, South Jakarta, 12870, Indonesia.

Abstract

This study determines the effect of cookies made from sea grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) on PGC-1α, total cholesterol, and blood glucose levels on mice fed with a Cholesterol- and Fat-Enriched Diet (CFED). The antioxidant activity, tyrosinase inhibition, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase inhibition is also analyzed in order to assess the in vitro anti-aging potential of sea grapes cookies. Forty male Mus muscullus albino mice weighing 20 g-30 g were used and randomly distributed into four groups of ten animals each. Group A served as a normal control (given a standard dry pellet diet), Group B was given CFED only, and mice in Groups C and D were given CFED with 100 mg and 200 mg/20 g body weight of sea grapes cookies, respectively for 4 weeks. In vitro study shows that the percentage of inhibition activity of antioxidant, L-Tyrosine, L-Dopa, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase inhibition were 45.65 ± 1.50, 8.95 ± 0.06, 21.31 ± 0.98, 77.12 ± 4.67 and 70.94 ± 0.98, respectively. This study found that group D had better activity in lowering blood glucose than group C (p < 0.0001). In addition, although there was not found significant difference between groups C and D in blood cholesterol reduction and PGC-1α (p = 0.1482), both groups experienced the same effect in total cholesterol reduction and PGC-1α in mice (significantly, p < 0001). Thus, we conclude that sea grapes cookies are proven to improve PGC-1α, total cholesterol, and blood glucose levels in mice fed with CFED. Hence, sea grapes cookies is a potential anti-aging novel-functional food.

Keywords: Antioxidant; Blood glucose; Caulerpa racemosa; Functional food; PGC-1α; Total cholesterol.