Discovery of Potential Biomarkers for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Based on Untargeted GC/LC-MS

Abstract

Purpose: As an important public health problem, osteoporosis (OP) in China is also in an upward trend year by year. As a standard method for diagnosing OP, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) cannot analyze the pathological process but only see the results. It is difficult to evaluate the early diagnosis of OP. Our study was carried out through a serum metabolomic study of OP in Chinese postmenopausal women on untargeted gas chromatography (GC)/liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS) to find possible diagnostic markers.

Materials and methods: 50 Chinese postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and 50 age-matched women were selected as normal controls. We first used untargeted GC/LC-MS to analyze the serum of these participants and then combined it with a large number of multivariate statistical analyses to analyze the data. Finally, based on a multidimensional analysis of the metabolites, the most critical metabolites were considered to be biomarkers of OP in postmenopausal women. Further, biomarkers identified relevant metabolic pathways, followed by a map of metabolic pathways found in the database.

Results: We found that there may be metabolic pathway disorders like glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism in postmenopausal women with OP. 18 differential metabolites are considered to be potential biomarkers of OP in postmenopausal women which are a major factor in metabolism and bone physiological function.

Conclusion: These findings can be applied to clinical work through further validation studies. It also shows that metabonomic analysis has great potential in the application of early diagnosis and recurrence monitoring in postmenopausal OP women.

Keywords: biomarkers; gas chromatography; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; metabolomics; postmenopausal osteoporosis.