Annealing effects on the structural and dielectric properties of (Nb + In) co-doped rutile TiO2 ceramics

Lanling Zhao; Jun Wang; Zhigang Gai; Jichao Li; Jian Liu; Jiyang Wang; Chunlei Wang; Xiaolin Wang

doi:10.1039/c9ra00564a

Annealing effects on the structural and dielectric properties of (Nb + In) co-doped rutile TiO₂ ceramics

RSC Adv. 2019 Mar 14;9(15):8364-8368. doi: 10.1039/c9ra00564a. eCollection 2019 Mar 12.

Authors

Lanling Zhao^{1

2}, Jun Wang³, Zhigang Gai¹, Jichao Li¹, Jian Liu¹, Jiyang Wang⁴, Chunlei Wang¹, Xiaolin Wang²

Affiliations

¹ School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250100 P. R. China wangcl@sdu.edu.cn.
² Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollongong NSW 2500 Australia xiaolin@uow.edu.au.
³ Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250061 P. R. China.
⁴ Institute for Crystal Materials, Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China.

Abstract

Density functional theory calculations were conducted to investigate the electronic structures of rutile Ti₁₆O₃₂, Ti₁₃Nb₂InO₃₂, and Ti₁₃Nb₂InO₃₁ systems. High density (Nb + In) co-doped rutile TiO₂ ceramics were successfully prepared by one modified solid state method. XRD, XPS, Raman scattering and FT-IR measurements were performed to investigate the structural properties of the (Nb + In) co-doped rutile TiO₂ ceramics annealed in different atmospheres. The lattice parameters for the (Nb + In) co-doped rutile TiO₂ ceramics were enlarged slightly after they were annealed in air and oxygen. Raman scattering results indicate that the E_g modes are quite sensitive to oxygen vacancy in comparison with the other Raman active modes. The ceramics annealed in oxygen at 873 K exhibit the best dielectric performance with giant dielectric permittivity (>14 000) and small dielectric loss (<0.2) over the frequency range from 40 Hz to 1 MHz.