Sex biases in infectious diseases research

Santosh Dhakal; Sabal Chaulagain; Sabra L Klein

doi:10.1084/jem.20211486

Sex biases in infectious diseases research

J Exp Med. 2022 Jun 6;219(6):e20211486. doi: 10.1084/jem.20211486. Epub 2022 May 5.

Authors

Santosh Dhakal¹, Sabal Chaulagain¹, Sabra L Klein^{1

2

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
² Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
³ Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
⁴ Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.

Abstract

Reporting the distribution and inclusion of both males and females in immunology and infectious diseases research is improving, but rigorous analyses of differential outcomes between males and females, including mechanistic inquiries into the causes of sex differences, still lags behind.

MeSH terms

Bias
Communicable Diseases*
Female
Humans
Male
Sex Characteristics
Sex Factors