Similarities and differences between embryonic implantation and CTC invasion: Exploring the roles of abortifacients in cancer metastasis chemoprevention

Eur J Med Chem. 2022 Jul 5:237:114416. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114416. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Abstract

Mifepristone (RU486) is a chemical contraceptive marketed in more than 55 countries and used by hundreds of millions of women worldwide. Current studies reported its uses by both genders for a safe and long-term psychotic depression and particularly for traditional cancer chemotherapy. Here, we investigated the multidisciplinary data from recent large epidemiological chemoprevention studies for long-term use of oral contraceptives to reduce cancer risk, and from the unsuccessful clinical trials of mifepristone used as a post-metastatic anticancer drug, and elucidated the similarities and differences in cellular and molecular processes between embryonic implantation to endometrium and adhesion/invasion of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to vascular endothelium. The deep analyses provide a stronger scientific basis for repurposing abortifacients for safe and effective cancer metastatic chemoprevention. Initiation of such cancer drug development strategy represents a paradigm shift from traditional post-metastasis treatments to novel pre-metastasis chemoprevention.

Keywords: Cancer metastatic chemoprevention; Circulating tumor cells; Contraceptive; Embryonic implantation; Invasion; Mifepristone.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Abortifacient Agents* / chemistry
  • Abortifacient Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Chemoprevention
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mifepristone / chemistry
  • Neoplasm Metastasis / drug therapy
  • Neoplasm Metastasis / prevention & control

Substances

  • Abortifacient Agents
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Mifepristone