EVOO Promotes a Less Atherogenic Profile Than Sunflower Oil in Smooth Muscle Cells Through the Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Endothelial Cells

Concepción Santiago-Fernandez; Cristina Rodríguez-Díaz; Ailec Ho-Plagaro; Carolina Gutierrez-Repiso; Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera; Flores Martin-Reyes; Virginia Mela; Rocío Bautista; Mónicas Tome; Josefa Gómez-Maldonado; Francisco J Tinahones; Eduardo Garcia-Fuentes; Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.867745

EVOO Promotes a Less Atherogenic Profile Than Sunflower Oil in Smooth Muscle Cells Through the Extracellular Vesicles Secreted by Endothelial Cells

Front Nutr. 2022 Apr 12:9:867745. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.867745. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Concepción Santiago-Fernandez^{1

2}, Cristina Rodríguez-Díaz^{1

2}, Ailec Ho-Plagaro^{1

2}, Carolina Gutierrez-Repiso^{1

3

4}, Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera^{1

3

4}, Flores Martin-Reyes^{1

2}, Virginia Mela^{1

3

5}, Rocío Bautista⁶, Mónicas Tome⁷, Josefa Gómez-Maldonado⁸, Francisco J Tinahones^{1

3

4

5}, Eduardo Garcia-Fuentes^{1

2

9}, Lourdes Garrido-Sánchez^{1

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain.
² Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain.
³ Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain.
⁴ Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain.
⁵ Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
⁶ Plataforma Andaluza de Bioinformática-Supercomputing and Bioinnovation Center, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
⁷ Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Regional Universitario, Málaga, Spain.
⁸ Unidad de Genómica y Ultrasecuenciación-Supercomputing and Bioinnovation Center, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
⁹ Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Málaga, Spain.

Abstract

Background: Little is known about the effect of extra virgin olive (EVOO) and sunflower oil (SO) on the composition of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by endothelial cells and the effects of these EVs on smooth muscle cells (SMCs). These cells play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis.

Methods: We evaluated the effects of endothelial cells-derived EVs incubated with triglyceride-rich lipoproteins obtained after a high-fat meal with EVOO (EVOO-EVs) and SO (SO-EVs), on the transcriptomic profile of SMCs.

Results: We found 41 upregulated and 19 downregulated differentially expressed (DE)-miRNAs in EVOO-EVs. Afterwards, SMCs were incubated with EVOO-EVs and SO-EVs. SMCs incubated with SO-EVs showed a greater number of DE-mRNA involved in pathways related to cancer, focal adhesion, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and MAPK, toll-like receptor, chemokine and Wnt signaling pathways than in SMCs incubated with EVOO-EVs. These DE-mRNAs were involved in biological processes related to the response to endogenous stimulus, cell motility, regulation of intracellular signal transduction and cell population proliferation.

Conclusion: EVOO and SO can differently modify the miRNA composition of HUVEC-derived EVs. These EVs can regulate the SMCs transcriptomic profile, with SO-EVs promoting a profile more closely linked to the development of atherosclerosis than EVOO-EVs.

Keywords: HUVECs; extra-virgin olive oil; extracellular vesicles (EVs); miRNAs; smooth muscle cells (SMCs); sunflower oil.