Preparation, Characterization, and Cytoprotective Effects on HUVECs of Fourteen Novel Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides From Protein Hydrolysate of Tuna Processing By-Products

Qian-Qian Qiao; Qian-Bin Luo; Shi-Kun Suo; Yu-Qin Zhao; Chang-Feng Chi; Bin Wang

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.868681

Preparation, Characterization, and Cytoprotective Effects on HUVECs of Fourteen Novel Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides From Protein Hydrolysate of Tuna Processing By-Products

Front Nutr. 2022 Apr 14:9:868681. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.868681. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Qian-Qian Qiao¹, Qian-Bin Luo², Shi-Kun Suo¹, Yu-Qin Zhao¹, Chang-Feng Chi², Bin Wang¹

Affiliations

¹ Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China.
² National and Provincial Joint Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Marine Aquatic Genetic Resources, National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China.

Abstract

To effectively utilize skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) processing by-products to prepare peptides with high angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory (ACEi) activity, Neutrase was selected from five kinds of protease for hydrolyzing skipjack tuna dark muscle, and its best hydrolysis conditions were optimized as enzyme dose of 1.6%, pH 6.7, and temperature of 50°C using single factor and response surface experiments. Subsequently, 14 novel ACEi peptides were prepared from the high ACEi protein hydrolysate and identified as TE, AG, MWN, MEKS, VK, MQR, MKKS, VKRT, IPK, YNY, LPRS, FEK, IRR, and WERGE. MWN, MEKS, MKKS, and LPRS displayed significantly ACEi activity with IC₅₀ values of 0.328 ± 0.035, 0.527 ± 0.030, 0.269 ± 0.006, and 0.495 ± 0.024 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, LPRS showed the highest increasing ability on nitric oxide (NO) production among four ACEi peptides combining the direct increase and reversing the negative influence of norepinephrine (NE), and MKKS showed the highest ability on directly decreasing and reversing the side effects of NE on the secretion level of endothelin-1 (ET-1) among four ACEi peptides. These findings demonstrate that seafood by-product proteins are potential ACEi peptide sources and prepared ACEi peptides from skipjack tuna dark muscle, which are beneficial components for functional food against hypertension and cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords: angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) peptide; cytoprotective function; dark muscle; hypertension; skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis).