Long-term follow-up of complicated monochorionic twin pregnancies: Focus on neurodevelopment

Abstract

Monochorionic twin pregnancies have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Due to the advancements in screening and treatment strategies, mortality rates have decreased. Improving survival rates demands a shift in scope toward long-term outcomes. In this review, we focus on neurodevelopmental outcome in survivors from complicated monochorionic twin pregnancies, including twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), twin anemia-polycythemia sequence (TAPS), acute peripartum TTTS, acute perimortem TTTS, selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) and monoamnionicity. Our aim is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the long-term outcome in survivors, including psychomotor development and quality of life, and provide recommendations for future research and follow-up programs.

Keywords: Cerebral palsy; Long-term neurodevelopmental impairment; Monochorionic twin pregnancy; Selective fetal growth restriction; Twin anemia-polycythemia sequence; Twin–twin transfusion syndrome.