Beta vulgaris juice contains biologically active exosome-like nanoparticles

Abstract

Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles are an emerging trend in plant biology. For the first time, we have isolated and characterized exosomes from Beta vulgaris extract (BEX). The antioxidant capacity, the nitrite, and total phenolic contents of BEX were determined. In vitro angiogenesis assay was used to measure the proangiogenic effects of BEX on endothelial cells. Furthermore, we examined the effects of BEX on migration and gene expression profiles of skin-derived fibroblasts. The anti-cancer effects of BEX were also investigated. The results indicated that BEX had antioxidative and scavenging properties. An increase in angiogenic potential was observed in endothelial cells treated with BEX. Furthermore, BEX treatment modulated the potential of fibroblasts to produce collagen 1/3 and hyaluronan synthase enzyme type 2. In addition, BEX treatment inhibited the migration abilities of fibroblasts. Nevertheless, BEX was not found to negatively affect the viability of cancerous cells at the dosage selected. In conclusion, this study identified novel properties of Beta vulgaris and its exosomes in the promotion of angiogenesis as well as antiaging and anti-scar capacities of fibroblasts. The findings suggest new cosmetic and therapeutic applications for Beta vulgaris.

Keywords: Angiogenesis; Beta vulgaris; Collagen; Exosome; Fibroblast; Hyaluronan.