Extremely fast-charging lithium ion battery enabled by dual-gradient structure design

Lei-Lei Lu; Yu-Yang Lu; Zheng-Xin Zhu; Jia-Xin Shao; Hong-Bin Yao; Shaogang Wang; Tian-Wen Zhang; Yong Ni; Xiu-Xia Wang; Shu-Hong Yu

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abm6624

Extremely fast-charging lithium ion battery enabled by dual-gradient structure design

Sci Adv. 2022 Apr 29;8(17):eabm6624. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abm6624. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Authors

Lei-Lei Lu^{1

2}, Yu-Yang Lu³, Zheng-Xin Zhu^{1

2}, Jia-Xin Shao², Hong-Bin Yao^{1

2}, Shaogang Wang⁴, Tian-Wen Zhang^{1

2}, Yong Ni³, Xiu-Xia Wang⁵, Shu-Hong Yu^{1

2

6}

Affiliations

¹ Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
² Department of Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Hefei Science Center of CAS, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
³ CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
⁴ Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
⁵ USTC Center for Micro- and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication.
⁶ Institute of Innovative Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.

Abstract

Extremely fast-charging lithium-ion batteries are highly desirable to shorten the recharging time for electric vehicles, but it is hampered by the poor rate capability of graphite anodes. Here, we present a previously unreported particle size and electrode porosity dual-gradient structure design in the graphite anode for achieving extremely fast-charging lithium ion battery under strict electrode conditions. We develop a polymer binder-free slurry route to construct this previously unreported type particle size-porosity dual-gradient structure in the practical graphite anode showing the extremely fast-charging capability with 60% of recharge in 10 min. On the basis of dual-gradient graphite anode, we demonstrate extremely fast-charging lithium ion battery realizing 60% recharge in 6 min and high volumetric energy density of 701 Wh liter^-1 at the high charging rate of 6 C.