A holocentric twist to chromosomal speciation?

Kay Lucek; Hannah Augustijnen; Marcial Escudero

doi:10.1016/j.tree.2022.04.002

A holocentric twist to chromosomal speciation?

Trends Ecol Evol. 2022 Aug;37(8):655-662. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.04.002. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Authors

Kay Lucek¹, Hannah Augustijnen², Marcial Escudero³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 6, 4056 Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address: kay.lucek@unibas.ch.
² Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 6, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
³ Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Seville, Reina Mercedes, ES-41012 Seville, Spain.

PMID: 35484024
DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.04.002

Abstract

Chromosomal rearrangements trigger speciation by acting as barriers to gene flow. However, the underlying theory was developed with monocentric chromosomes in mind. Holocentric chromosomes, lacking a centromeric region, have repeatedly evolved and account for a significant fraction of extant biodiversity. Because chromosomal rearrangements may be more likely retained in holocentric species, holocentricity could provide a twist to chromosomal speciation. Here, we discuss how the abundance of chromosome-scale genomes, combined with novel analytical tools, offer the opportunity to assess the impacts of chromosomal rearrangements on rates of speciation by outlining a phylogenetic framework that aligns with the two major lines of chromosomal speciation theory. We further highlight how holocentric species could help to test for causal roles of chromosomal rearrangements in speciation.

Keywords: chromosomal speciation; holocentricity; karyotype evolution; phylogenetics.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Centromere*
Gene Flow*
Genome
Phylogeny