Mitochondria-targeted half-sandwich iridium(iii)-Cp*-arylimidazophenanthroline complexes as antiproliferative and bioimaging agents against triple negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-468

Abstract

To reduce the side effects of marketed cancer drugs against triple negative breast cancer cells we have reported mitochondria targeting half-sandwich iridium(iii)-Cp*-arylimidazophenanthroline complexes for MDA-MB-468 cell therapy and diagnosis. Out of five Ir(iii) complexes (IrL1-IrL5), [iridium(iii)-Cp*-2-(naphthalen-1-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline]PF₆ (IrL1) has exhibited the best cytoselectivity against MDA-MB-468 cells compared to normal HaCaT cells along with excellent binding efficacy with DNA as well as serum albumin. The subcellular localization study of the complex revealed the localization of the compound in cytoplasm thereby pointing to a possible mitochondrial localization and consequent mitochondrial dysfunction via MMP alteration and ROS generation. Moreover, the IrL1 complex facilitated a substantial G₁ phase cell-cycle arrest of MDA-MB-468 cells at the highest tested concentration of 5 μM. The study verdicts support the prospective therapeutic potential of the IrL1 complex in the treatment and eradication of triple negative breast cancer cells. These results validate that these types of scaffolds will be fairly able to exert great potential for tumor diagnosis as well as therapy in the near future.