Patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) usually present with poor prognosis and short survival period, and there has been a lack of effective treatment options for a long time. Chemotherapy has limited improvement in the clinical outcome of advanced patients (the median survival is less than one year), and it is difficult to find suitable targets for targeted therapy. Recent in-depth research on immunotherapy has changed the treatment pattern of MPM. Especially, the dual immunotherapy regimen significantly improved the survival outcome of patients across subgroups and prolonged the survival time of MPM patients. Therefore, it has been approved for unresectable MPM as first-line treatment for patients. The exploration of other mono or combo immunotherapy regimens in the first and second-line settings of MPM is also underway. How to identify the best beneficial population of each regimen through predictive biomarkers is also a hot spot for researchers. This article will focus on the most up-to-date progress of MPM epidemiology, histological characteristics, pathogenesis, treatment patterns and the advances of immunotherapy in the disease. .
【中文题目：胸膜间皮瘤免疫治疗研究进展】 【中文摘要：恶性胸膜间皮瘤（malignant pleural mesothelioma, MPM）通常预后不良，患者生存期短，且长期以来缺乏有效的治疗选择。化疗对晚期患者临床转归的改善有限，患者生存期不足1年，靶向治疗也难以觅得合适靶点。近期免疫治疗研究的发展深切改变了MPM的治疗格局，其中双免疫联合治疗在各人群亚组中均较显著改善患者生存预后，延长患者生存期，因而获批用于未经治疗、不可切除MPM患者的一线治疗。有关其他免疫联合及单药方案在MPM患者一、二线治疗中的探索亦在进行之中，如何通过预测性生物标志物筛选最佳获益人群，也是研究者关注的热点。本文将对MPM流行病学、组织学特征、发病机制、治疗策略及免疫治疗在该领域的研究进展进行解读。 】 【中文关键词：恶性胸膜间皮瘤；免疫疗法；免疫检查点抑制剂；联合治疗；生物标志物】.
Keywords: Biomarkers; Combination therapy; Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Immunotherapy; Malignant pleural mesothelioma.