Rational Design of a Gd(III)-Cu(II) Nanobooster for Chemodynamic Therapy Against Cancer Cells

Abstract

Copper (II) containing coordination complexes have attracted much attention for chemodynamic therapy (CDT) against cancer cells. In this study, the bimetallic nanobooster [Gd₂Cu(L)₂(H₂O)₁₀]·6H₂O was prepared by a solvothermal method based on tetrazole carboxylic acid ligand H₄L [H₄L = 3,3-di (1H-tetrazol-5-yl) pentanedioic acid]. It showed considerable cytotoxicity toward three kinds of human cancer cells (HeLa, HepG2, and HT29). The MTT assay showed that the IC₅₀ (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) of the complex NPs on HeLa cells (4.9 μg/ml) is superior to that of HepG2 (11.1 μg/ml) and HT29 (5.5 μg/ml). This result showed that [Gd₂Cu(L)₂(H₂O)₁₀]·6H₂O NPs can inhibit cell proliferation in vitro and may be potential candidates for chemodynamic therapy. In addition, the cytotoxicity was also confirmed by the trypan blue staining experiment. The results promise the great potential of Gd(III)-Cu(II) for CDT against cancer cells.

Keywords: Gd(III)–Cu(II); chemodynamic therapy; crystal structure; nanobooster; tetrazole.