Advanced Functionalized CeO2/Al2O3 Nanocomposite Sensor for Determination of Opioid Medication Tramadol Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations

Nanomaterials (Basel). 2022 Apr 16;12(8):1373. doi: 10.3390/nano12081373.

Abstract

Background: The exceptional characteristics of cerium oxide (CeO2) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nanoscales have inspired significant attention to those nanocomposites as possible electroactive resources for applications of sensing and biosensing.

Methods: In this research, an innovative new factionalized CeO2/Al2O3 nanocomposite membrane sensor was presented to assess tramadol hydrochloride (TRD) in marketable products.

Results: Tramadol-phosphomolybdate (TRD-PM) was formed by mixing tramadol hydrochloride and phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) in the attendance of polymeric matrix and o-nitrophenyloctyl ether solvent mediator. With 1.0 × 10-10-1.0 × 10-2 mol L-1 as a range of linearity and EmV = (57.567 ± 0.2) log [TRD] + 676.29 as a regression equation, the functionalized sensor using TRD-PM-CeO2/Al2O3 nanocomposite showed great selectivity and sensitivity for the discriminating and measurement of TRD. Using the regression equation EmV = (52.143 ± 0.4) log [TRD] + 431.45, the unmodified coated wire sensor of TRD-PM, on the other hand, showed a Nernstian response between 1.0 × 10-6 and 1.0 × 10-2 mol L-1, Using the methodology's specified guidelines, the proposed improved potentiometric system was validated against several criteria.

Conclusion: The suggested method is suitable for the determination of TRD in its products.

Keywords: CeO2/Al2O3 nanocomposite; commercial products; modified sensor; tramadol hydrochloride.