Evaluation of E-Learning Experience among Health and Allied Health Professions Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Slovenia: An Instrument Development and Validation Study

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 14;19(8):4777. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19084777.

Abstract

COVID-19 had an impact on everyday life, especially during the lockdown. This also impacted higher education, leading to a sudden and complete shift to online e-learning. The purpose of this study was to develop, validate, and test a measurement tool suitable for evaluating students’ e-learning experience among health and allied health professions students. The convenience sample consisted of 342 students. A validation of the instrument E-learning Experience Evaluation Scale (3E-Scale) was conducted before the study began. Factor structure, reliability, content, and face validity were assessed. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed a four-factor structure of the scale that explained 61% of the total variance. The overall scale demonstrated a high level of reliability and appears to be a reliable measurement tool. The results show that there are statistically significant differences between female and male students (p < 0.05). In addition, nursing and dietetics students perceive more barriers related to the open-source learning management system than other students (p < 0.05). Positive learning experiences contribute to greater learning satisfaction and, consequently, greater learning engagement. E-learning content design should be aligned with teaching pedagogy and learning outcomes. Future studies should also address the negative consequences of e-learning experiences.

Keywords: distance education; e-learning environments; evaluation; higher education; information and communication technology; instrument development.

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • Communicable Disease Control
  • Computer-Assisted Instruction*
  • Female
  • Health Occupations
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Pandemics
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Slovenia / epidemiology
  • Students, Health Occupations*