Evaluation of gene expression of PLEKHS1, AADAC, and CDKN3 as novel genomic markers in gastric carcinoma

PLoS One. 2022 Apr 21;17(4):e0265184. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265184. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) is considered lethal aggressive cancer. In Egypt, GC has a low incidence but unfortunately, it is mostly diagnosed at an advanced stage with a poor prognosis. Assessment of novel markers that can be used in the early detection of GC is an urgent need. The present study was performed to assess the association of the Pleckstrin homology domain-containing S1 (PLEKHS1)، arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC, and Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDKN3) genes with GC and to correlate their gene expression levels with tumor stage, grade, and other clinicopathological features. The current work was performed on forty gastric tissue samples; twenty in Group 1 with GC tissues at different stages, and grades and twenty in Group 2 (control group) with non-tumorous tissue. PLEKHS1, AADAC, and CDKN3 gene expression were assessed by RT-qPCR. AADAC, CDKN3 genes were significantly (p<0.001) upregulated, while PLEKHS1 gene was significantly (p<0.001) downregulated in the GC group than the control group. AADAC gene expression exhibited a high significant (p<0.001) positive correlation with the tumor grades and the tumor stages. A high significant negative correlation between AADAC, and CDKN3 gene expression (r = -.760, p<0.001) was found. The three studied parameters showed high significant sensitivity and specificity in the prediction of the presence of GC. PLEKHS1, AADAC, and CDKN3 gene expressions were suggested to be used as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers of GC, additionally, AADAC may be used as a prognostic marker in these patients for further future confirming studies.

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / metabolism
  • Carcinoma* / pathology
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins / genetics
  • Dual-Specificity Phosphatases / genetics
  • Gene Expression
  • Humans
  • Neoplasm Grading
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / metabolism

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins
  • AADAC protein, human
  • Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases
  • CDKN3 protein, human
  • Dual-Specificity Phosphatases

Grants and funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from any funding agency in the public.