Adherence to HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women, Non-Pregnant Women, and Men in Burkina Faso: Nationwide Analysis 2019-2020

Wedminere Noëlie Zoungrana-Yameogo; Lucresse Corine Fassinou; Calypse Ngwasiri; Sekou Samadoulougou; Isidore Tiandiogo Traoré; Hervé Hien; Fidèle Bakiono; Maxime Drabo; Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou

doi:10.2147/PPA.S354242

Adherence to HIV Antiretroviral Therapy Among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women, Non-Pregnant Women, and Men in Burkina Faso: Nationwide Analysis 2019-2020

Patient Prefer Adherence. 2022 Apr 13:16:1037-1047. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S354242. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Service d'information et d'épidémiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tengandogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
² Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé, Université Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
³ Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgique.
⁴ Evaluation Platform on Obesity Prevention, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada.
⁵ Centre for Research on Planning and Development (CRAD), Université Laval, Quebec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
⁶ Centre Muraz, Institut National de Santé Publique, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
⁷ Secrétariat Permanent du conseil national de lutte contre le SIDA et les infections sexuellement transmissible, ministère de la santé, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
⁸ Département biomédical et santé publique, Institut de recherche en sciences de la santé, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
⁹ Laboratoire de santé publique de l'Ecole doctorale des sciences de la santé (ED2S), Université Joseph Ki Zerbo Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Abstract

Background: Since the scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) services in Burkina-Faso, achieving an AIDS-free generation depends on optimal ART adherence. However, no data exists on the population group differences on the level of ART adherence in Burkina-Faso. This study analyzes ART adherence among pregnant-and breastfeeding-women, non-pregnant women, and men in Burkina-Faso.

Methods: From December 2019 to March 2020, a cross-sectional study among adult HIV-infected patients in Burkina-Faso, belonging either to the active file or the Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission programs was conducted. An analysis was performed and adherence was measured based on the number of times, patients did not meet the number of doses prescribed and did not take the ART treatment in the month prior to the survey. Logistic-regression models were used to identify factors associated with poor ART adherence and the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were reported.

Results: The prevalence of good adherence was higher in the group of pregnant-and breastfeeding-women (86.6%, n = 112) compared to the other groups (73.1%, n=1017 in non-pregnant women and 72.0%, n = 318 in men). No association was found between ART adherence and the socio-demographic, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics of pregnant-and breastfeeding-women and men groups. However, non-pregnant women with a high level of education (aOR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.16-2.49), having ever belonged to a support group (aOR= 1.47; 95% CI: 1.07-2.04), not having income-generating occupations (aOR= 1.53; 95% CI: 1.11-2.12), and in advanced clinical stage (aOR= 1.42; 95% CI: 1.06-1.91) were more susceptible to have poor adherence compared to their pairs.

Conclusion: Findings showed a large difference in ART adherence among pregnant-and breastfeeding-women, non-pregnant women and men and highlight the need for differentiated healthcare delivery according to population while specifically considering addressing the interest in early initiation of treatment and the benefit of support groups meeting.

Keywords: Burkina Faso; HIV; PMTCT; adherence; antiretroviral therapy.

Grants and funding

This research received funding by the World Bank. Also, Wedminere Noëlie Zoungrana-Yameogo and Lucresse Corine Fassinou received a fellowship from the Commission de la Coopération au Développement (CDD) from the Académie de Recherche et d’Enseignement Supérieur (ARES). Sekou Samadoulougou received a postdoctoral fellowship from the Fonds de recherche du Québec Santé (FRQS).