The Inclusion of Alhagi maurorum in Growing Camel Diet: Effect on Performance, Liver-Related Blood Metabolites, and Antioxidant Status

Navid Ghavipanje; Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez; Mojtaba Afshin; Seyyed Ahmad Hosseini; Alireza Aghashahi; Amir Mansour Vatankhah

doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.863121

The Inclusion of Alhagi maurorum in Growing Camel Diet: Effect on Performance, Liver-Related Blood Metabolites, and Antioxidant Status

Front Vet Sci. 2022 Mar 31:9:863121. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.863121. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Navid Ghavipanje¹, Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez², Mojtaba Afshin¹, Seyyed Ahmad Hosseini³, Alireza Aghashahi⁴, Amir Mansour Vatankhah⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
² Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
³ Camel and Range Species Research Station of South Khorasan, Birjand, Iran.
⁴ Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Animal Science Research Institute, Agricultural Education and Extension Research Organization, Karaj, Iran.
⁵ Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Abstract

This study determined the effect of dietary inclusion of camelthron [Alhagi maurorum (AM)] on the performance, blood metabolites, and antioxidant status of growing camels. A total of 18 Sindhi camel calves of 9-10 months of age and 115 ± 7 kg body weight (BW) were randomly assigned to three diets (with a forage:concentrate ratio of 50:50) that were formulated by partial and total substitution of alfalfa hay with AM as follows: (1) diet without AM (control), (2) diet containing 25% of AM (AM-25), and (3) diet containing 50% of AM (AM-50) (dry matter basis) for 150 days. Dry matter intake (DMI) was recorded daily. The camels were weighed individually on days 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 75, and 150. DMI was increased (p = 0.004) with AM-50 feeding followed by AM-25. Total weight gain (p = 0.048) and average daily gain (ADG) (p = 0.043) decreased with AM-50; however, no differences were observed between the AM-25 and CON groups. Feed cost per kg BW gain tended to decrease (p = 0.092) and return per kg BW gain tended to increase (p = 0.087) by AM feeding. The plasma triglycerides (TGs) (p = 0.046) and cholesterol (CHOL) (p = 0.025) concentration were reduced with AM inclusion. Additionally, the AM50-fed camels showed the lowest concentration of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p = 0.008) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p = 0.0036), followed by AM-25. The plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) was depressed (p = 0.037) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was enhanced (p = 0.016) with both the AM-25 and AM-50. Moreover, feeding the AM containing diets led to higher (p = 0.004) glutathione peroxidase (GPx) along with a tendency for superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p = 0.075) and catalase (CAT) (p = 0.094). Overall, feeding camels with AM for up to 25% of their dry matter (DM) diet positively influenced the antioxidant status without severe deleterious effects on performance.

Keywords: Alhagi maurorum; Sindhi camel; antioxidants; blood metabolites; growth performance.