Objective: Adapting mental health-care interventions to the race, ethnicity, or culture of the target group can enhance the acceptance and effectiveness of the treatment. Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is an evidence-based treatment that is principle-driven, rendering it well-suited for adaptations across cultural contexts. This article conducts a systematic review of the literature to determine the nature and extent of cultural adaptations of DBT to date.
Method: We searched databases for original articles describing cultural adaptations of DBT, as applied to both (a) people of color within Western countries and (b) populations within non-Western countries. Consistent with the focus on descriptively characterizing extant DBT cultural adaptations, we included both published and nonpublished studies, as well as both observational and experimental studies.
Results: Our search yielded 18 articles that met inclusion criteria. Of these articles, half described adaptations made with people and communities of color within the U.S. Most adaptations involved modifications to language, metaphors, methods, and context.
Conclusions: Culturally adapted DBT has been implemented and accepted among several racial, ethnic, and cultural groups, although there is insufficient evidence to determine whether culturally adapted DBT is more efficacious than nonadapted DBT. We conclude with recommendations for best practices for DBT researchers and clinicians, and situate our findings among larger efforts to render existing evidence-based psychotherapies more optimal for people of color and people from non-Western countries. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).