Background: The main purpose of this study was to describe the latent structure of pregnancy perception by investigating the role of risks and medical examinations in pregnancy perception across the sexes and pregnancy status.
Methods: Study 1 developed a questionnaire based on the responses of 29 young adults on their perception of pregnancy. Study 2 consisted of distributing the questionnaire among 290 participants (mean age 29.3; standard deviation = 7.5).
Results: The statistical clustering analysis revealed three major clusters of pregnancy perceptions: "evaluative," "physio-medical," and "future considerations," each of them encompassing several meaningful sub-clusters. This structure of pregnancy perceptions supports Beck and Beck-Gernsheim's modernization approach. Negative emotions toward pregnancy were related to social cognitions, whereas thoughts about risks were included in the medical sub-cluster. After reliability analyses, comparisons of scale scores revealed that women experienced more positive emotions, thought more about physical symptoms and about future issues compared to men (evolutionary explanation was offered).
Conclusion: Pregnant participants felt less ambivalence toward pregnancy, thought more about risks and medical examinations and less about parents' duties than non-pregnant participants.
Keywords: health beliefs; obstetrics; pregnancy; risk perception; women—health and hygiene.
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