Exploring of bacterial blight resistance in landraces and mining of resistant gene(s) using molecular markers and pathogenicity approach

Touhidur Rahman Anik; Sheikh Arafat Islam Nihad; Md Al-Imran Hasan; Mohammad Ahasan Hossain; Md Mamunur Rashid; Mohammad Ashik Iqbal Khan; Krishna Pada Halder; Mohammad Abdul Latif

doi:10.1007/s12298-022-01139-x

Exploring of bacterial blight resistance in landraces and mining of resistant gene(s) using molecular markers and pathogenicity approach

Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2022 Feb;28(2):455-469. doi: 10.1007/s12298-022-01139-x. Epub 2022 Feb 25.

Authors

Touhidur Rahman Anik^#¹, Sheikh Arafat Islam Nihad¹, Md Al-Imran Hasan¹, Mohammad Ahasan Hossain¹, Md Mamunur Rashid², Mohammad Ashik Iqbal Khan¹, Krishna Pada Halder³, Mohammad Abdul Latif^#¹

Affiliations

¹ Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701 Bangladesh.
² Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Regional Station, Cumilla, Bangladesh.
³ Office of Director Research, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701 Bangladesh.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Bacterial blight, one of the oldest and most severe diseases of rice poses a major threat to global rice production and food security. Thereafter, sustainable management of this disease has given paramount importance globally. In the current study, we explored 792 landraces to evaluate their disease reaction status against three highly virulent strains (BXo69, BXo87 and BXo93) of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Subsequently, we intended to identify the possible candidate resistant (R) genes responsible for the resistant reaction using six STS (Sequence Tagged Site) markers correspond to Xa4, xa5, Xa7, xa13, Xa21 and Xa23 genes and finally, we evaluated morphological variability of the potential bacterial blight resistant germplasm using quantitative traits. Based on pathogenicity test, a single germplasm was found as highly resistant while, 33 germplasm were resistant and 40 were moderately resistant. Further molecular study on these 74 germplasm divulged that 41 germplasm carried Xa4 gene, 15 carried xa5 gene, 62 carried Xa7 gene, 33 carried xa13 gene, and 19 carried Xa23 gene. Only a single germplasm found to carry Xa21 gene. Interestingly, we found a wide range of gene combinations ranged from 2 to 4 genes among the germplasm, where 10 germplasm carried 4 genes, 15 germplasm carried 3 genes and 38 germplasm carried 2 genes of various combinations. Notably, G3 genotype (Acc. No. 4216; highly resistant) having Xa4, Xa7, xa13, Xa21 and G43 genotype (Acc.No. 1523; resistant) having Xa4, xa5, xa13 and Xa23 gene combination being the most effective against all the Xoo strains. Nonetheless, UPGMA dendrogram and heatmap analysis based on quantitative traits identified two clusters viz. cluster-III and cluster-VIII with multiple desired traits. The outcome of this study would enrich and diversify the rice gene pool and would be useful for the development of durable bacterial blight resistant varieties.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01139-x.

Keywords: Bacterial blight; Landrace; Pathogenicity test; Resistant gene; STS marker.