Transport Patterns and Potential Sources of Atmospheric Pollution during the XXIV Olympic Winter Games Period

Yuting Zhang; Xiaole Pan; Yu Tian; Hang Liu; Xueshun Chen; Baozhu Ge; Zhe Wang; Xiao Tang; Shandong Lei; Weijie Yao; Yuanzhe Ren; Yongli Tian; Jie Li; Pingqing Fu; Jinyuan Xin; Yele Sun; Junji Cao; Zifa Wang

doi:10.1007/s00376-022-1463-1

Transport Patterns and Potential Sources of Atmospheric Pollution during the XXIV Olympic Winter Games Period

Adv Atmos Sci. 2022;39(10):1608-1622. doi: 10.1007/s00376-022-1463-1. Epub 2022 Apr 6.

Authors

Yuting Zhang^{1

2}, Xiaole Pan¹, Yu Tian¹, Hang Liu¹, Xueshun Chen^{1

3}, Baozhu Ge^{1

3}, Zhe Wang¹, Xiao Tang¹, Shandong Lei^{1

2}, Weijie Yao^{1

2}, Yuanzhe Ren⁴, Yongli Tian⁴, Jie Li¹, Pingqing Fu⁵, Jinyuan Xin^{1

2

6}, Yele Sun^{1

2

3}, Junji Cao⁷, Zifa Wang^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029 China.
² College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China.
³ Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021 China.
⁴ Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region environmental monitoring central station, Hohhot, 010090 China.
⁵ Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072 China.
⁶ Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044 China.
⁷ Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029 China.

Abstract
in English, Chinese

The attainment of suitable ambient air quality standards is a matter of great concern for successfully hosting the XXIV Olympic Winter Games (OWG). Transport patterns and potential sources of pollutants in Zhangjiakou (ZJK) were investigated using pollutant monitoring datasets and a dispersion model. The PM_2.5 concentration during February in ZJK has increased slightly (28%) from 2018 to 2021, mostly owing to the shift of main potential source regions of west-central Inner Mongolia and Mongolian areas (2015-18) to the North China Plain and northern Shanxi Province (NCPS) after 2018. Using CO as an indicator, the relative contributions of the different regions to the receptor site (ZJK) were evaluated based on the source-receptor-relationship method (SRR) and an emission inventory. We found that the relative contribution of pollutants from NCPS increased from 33% to 68% during 2019-21. Central Inner Mongolia (CIM) also has an important impact on ZJK under unfavorable weather conditions. This study demonstrated that the effect of pollution control measures in the NCPS and CIM should be strengthened to ensure that the air quality meets the standard during the XXIV OWG.

PM_2.5(环境空气中空气动力学当量直径小于等于2.5微米的颗粒物)在大气中的滞留时间长, 可传输至几百公里远. 某一城市或区域的大气PM2.5污染往往具有明显的区域性和复合型污染特征, 既包括本地排放生成, 也包括周边地区的外来传输贡献. 因此确保环境空气质量达标, 对成功举办第24届北京冬季奥林匹克运动会至关重要. 为了解区域大气污染物的传输规律和潜在来源, 我们利用历史大气污染物数据集、大气传输模式和中国多分辨率排放清单, 对冬奥会期间比赛区域空气质量水平、大气传输规律和潜在污染源贡献进行了研究. 根据轨迹聚类和源-受体扩散模型模拟分析, 我们发现影响张家口地区的气团来源存在系统性变化, 主要传输路径在2018年后明显从内蒙古中部城市群和蒙古国地区转移到华北平原和山西省北部, 气团的传输高度主要集中在距地面600米以下. 以一氧化碳为示踪剂, 根据“源-受体”关系法和排放清单, 我们评估了不同地区对受体站点张家口的相对贡献. 2018至2021年, 来自华北地区污染的相对贡献率从35%增加到68%, 而来自内蒙古中部污染的相对贡献率从56%下降到15%. 模拟的结果与观测值之间的相关系数达到约0.94, 且与MOPITT卫星数据较为一致.

Keywords: FLEXPART; Olympic Winter Games; atmospheric pollution sources; transport characteristics.

Abstract in English, Chinese

Abstract
in English, Chinese