Hyperspectral imaging for the classification of individual cereal kernels according to fungal and mycotoxins contamination: A review

Abstract

One of the most common concerns in the cereal industry is the presence of fungi and their associated mycotoxins. Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) has been proposed recently as one of the most potent tools to manage fungal associated contamination. The introduction of a spatial dimension to the spectral analysis allows the selection of the specific regions of the sample for further screening. Single kernel analysis would enable the discrimination of the highly contaminated kernels to establish a mitigation strategy, overcoming the contamination heterogeneity of cereal batches. This document is a detailed review of the HSI recently published studies that aimed to discriminate fungi and mycotoxin contaminated single cereal kernels. The most relevant findings showed that fungal infection and mycotoxins levels discrimination accuracies were above 90% and 80%, respectively. The results indicate that NIR-HSI is suitable for the detection of fungal-related contamination in single kernels and it has potential to be applied at food industry stages.

Keywords: Cereal sorting; Fungal infection; Hyperspectral imaging; Mycotoxins; Single-kernel analysis.