Decellularization has been applied to many tissues and organs to obtain biomaterials for applications in tissue engineering. In this study, decellularization and characterization of chicken skin was performed to provide comprehensive information and in-depth details on this material as a potential tissue scaffold. Application of Triton X-100 and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on tissues at different time intervals as two decellularization protocols were compared according to various aspects, such as removal of cellular components, DNA quantification, protection of extracellular matrix (ECM), mechanical properties, and cytocompatibility, to find the optimum technique during preparation of decellularized scaffolds. The results showed that treatment with SDS revealed better results when compared with Triton X-100 regarding the preservation of tissue structure and morphology, although there was no difference in the efficiency of decellularization. In general, the tissues decellularized with SDS demonstrated higher levels of cytocompatibility and better mechanical properties in comparison with samples treated with Triton X-100. In conclusion, this study revealed that decellularized chicken skin is a cheap, abundant, and biocompatible material that supports cell attachment, growth, and proliferation. Therefore, it could be used as a proper candidate to prepare scaffolds for further studies on tissue engineering, especially for skin tissue engineering.
Keywords: biomaterial; chicken skin; decellularization; scaffold; tissue engineering.
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