Discovery of novel benzophenone integrated derivatives as anti-Alzheimer's agents targeting presenilin-1 and presenilin-2 inhibition: A computational approach

PLoS One. 2022 Apr 8;17(4):e0265022. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265022. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

The most commonly accepted hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the amyloid hypothesis caused due to formation of accumulation of Aβ42 isoform, which leads to neurodegeneration. In this regard, presenilin-1 (PSEN-1) and -2 (PSEN-2) proteins play a crucial role by altering the amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism, affecting γ-secretase protease secretion, finally leading to the increased levels of Aβ. In the absence of reported commercial pharmacotherapeutic agents targeting presenilins, we aim to propose benzophenone integrated derivatives (BIDs) as the potential inhibitors of presenilin proteins through in silico approach. The study evaluates the interaction of BIDs through molecular docking simulations, molecular dynamics simulations, and binding free energy calculations. This is the first ever computational approach to discover the potential inhibitors of presenilin proteins. It also comprises druglikeliness and pharmacotherapeutic potential analysis of the compounds. Out of all the screened BIDs, BID-16 was found to be the lead compound against both the presenilin proteins. Based on these results, one can evaluate BID-16 as an anti-Alzheimer's potential specifically targeting presenilin proteins in near future using in vitro and in vivo methods.

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease* / drug therapy
  • Alzheimer Disease* / metabolism
  • Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases* / metabolism
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / metabolism
  • Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / metabolism
  • Benzophenones
  • Humans
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Presenilin-1 / metabolism
  • Presenilin-2 / genetics

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor
  • Benzophenones
  • Presenilin-1
  • Presenilin-2
  • benzophenone
  • Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases

Grants and funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.