Accumulation of HT-2 toxin from contaminated mushroom compost by edible Agaricus bisporus

Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2022 Apr;39(4):803-816. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2022.2037723. Epub 2022 Apr 8.

Abstract

Wheat straw is commonly used as a cellulose source in mushroom compost and could be a secondary source of mycotoxin contamination in the food chain. We cultivated edible Agaricus bisporus and Pleurotus ostreatus on T-2/HT-2 artificially-contaminated mushroom compost and developed and in-house validated an UHPLC-MS/MS method for determination of T-2, HT-2, T2-triol and T2-tetraol in mushroom compost and mushroom basidiocarp. A rapid phase I metabolization of T-2 and HT-2 in mushroom compost was observed. In Agaricus bisporus, basidiocarps 8-15 µg kg-1 accumulation of HT-2 calculated on wet weight was measured. No detectable mycotoxins were found in Pleurotus ostreatus basidiocarp.

Keywords: Agaricus bisporus; Mushroom; Pleurotus ostreatus; UHPLC-MS/MS; mycotoxins.

MeSH terms

  • Agaricus*
  • Composting*
  • Mycotoxins*
  • T-2 Toxin / analogs & derivatives
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Substances

  • Mycotoxins
  • T-2 Toxin
  • HT-2 toxin

Supplementary concepts

  • Agaricus bisporus