Lattice Boltzmann-based numerical analysis of nanofluid natural convection in an inclined cavity subject to multiphysics fields

Muhammad Ibrahim; Abdallah S Berrouk; Tareq Saeed; Ebrahem A Algehyne; Vakkar Ali

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-09320-8

Lattice Boltzmann-based numerical analysis of nanofluid natural convection in an inclined cavity subject to multiphysics fields

Sci Rep. 2022 Apr 1;12(1):5514. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09320-8.

Authors

Muhammad Ibrahim^{1

2}, Abdallah S Berrouk^{1

3}, Tareq Saeed², Ebrahem A Algehyne^{4

5}, Vakkar Ali⁶

Affiliations

¹ Mechanical Engineering Department, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, SAN Campus, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
² Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM)-Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
³ Center for Catalysis and Separation, Khalifa University of Science and Echnology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
⁴ Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, P.O.Box741, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Nanotechnology Research Unit (NRU), Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia. w.ahmad@mu.edu.sa.

Abstract

This research conducts a study of natural convection heat transfer (NCHT) in a nanofluid under a magnetic field (MF). The nanofluid is in a cavity inclined at an angle of 45°. The MF can take different angles between 0° and 90°. Radiative heat transfer is present in the cavity in volumetric form. There are two hot semicircles, similar to two half-pipes, on the bottom wall. The top wall is kept cold. The side walls and parts of the bottom wall, except the pipes, have been insulated. The lattice Boltzmann method has been used for the simulation. The studied parameters are the Rayleigh number (in the range 10³-10⁶), magnetic field angle, radiation parameter (in the range 0-2), and nanoparticle volume fraction (in the range 0-5%). The generated entropy has been studied as the NCHT. The results indicate that adding nanoparticles improves heat transfer rate (HTR). Moreover, the addition of volumetric radiation to the cavity enhances the Nusselt number by 54% and the generated entropy by 12.5%. With an augmentation in the MF angle from 0° to 90°, HTR decreases and this decrease is observed mostly at higher Rayleigh numbers. An augmentation in the Ra increases NCHT and entropy generation. Indeed, a rise in the Ra from 10³ to 10⁶ increases HTR by almost sixfold.