Calcium Nanoparticles Impregnated With Benzenedicarboxylic Acid: A New Approach to Alleviate Combined Stress of DDT and Cadmium in Brassica alboglabra by Modulating Bioacummulation, Antioxidative Machinery and Osmoregulators

Samavia Mubeen; Iqra Shahzadi; Waheed Akram; Wajid Saeed; Nasim Ahmad Yasin; Aqeel Ahmad; Anis Ali Shah; Manzer H Siddiqui; Saud Alamri

doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.825829

Calcium Nanoparticles Impregnated With Benzenedicarboxylic Acid: A New Approach to Alleviate Combined Stress of DDT and Cadmium in Brassica alboglabra by Modulating Bioacummulation, Antioxidative Machinery and Osmoregulators

Front Plant Sci. 2022 Mar 9:13:825829. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.825829. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Samavia Mubeen¹, Iqra Shahzadi², Waheed Akram³, Wajid Saeed⁴, Nasim Ahmad Yasin^{5

6}, Aqeel Ahmad⁷, Anis Ali Shah⁸, Manzer H Siddiqui⁹, Saud Alamri⁹

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
² Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymersbased Medical Materials, School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
³ Department of Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Farming System, Agriculture College, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
⁵ Senior Superintendent Garden, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
⁶ Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables/Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
⁷ Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
⁸ Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan.
⁹ Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

At present, the alleviation of stress caused by climate change and environmental contaminants is a crucial issue. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) and an organochlorine, which causes significant health problems in humans. The stress caused by cadmium (Cd) and the toxicity of DDT have direct effects on the growth and yield of crop plants. Ultimately, the greater uptake and accumulation of DDT by edible plants affects human health by contaminating the food chain. The possible solution to this challenging situation is to limit the passive absorption of POPs into the plants. Calcium (Ca) is an essential life component mandatory for plant growth and survival. This study used impregnated Ca (Bd_Ca) of benzenedicarboxylic acid (Bd) to relieve abiotic stress in plants of Brassica alboglabra. Bd_Ca mitigated the deleterious effects of Cd and reduced DDT bioaccumulation. By increasing the removal efficacy (RE) up to 256.14%, Bd_Ca greatly decreased pollutant uptake (Cd 82.37% and DDT 93.64%) and supported photosynthetic machinery (86.22%) and antioxidant enzyme defenses (264.73%), in applied plants. Exogenously applied Bd also successfully improved the antioxidant system and the physiochemical parameters of plants. However, impregnation with Ca further enhanced plant tolerance to stress. This novel study revealed that the combined application of Ca and Bd could effectively relieve individual and combined Cd stress and DDT toxicity in B. alboglabra.

Keywords: Brassica alboglabra; DDT; abiotic stress; bioaccumulation; cadmium uptake; heavy metal removal; organochlorine; persistent organic pollutant.