Relationship of leisure-time and household physical activity level and type with cardiovascular disease: secondary analysis of the Takashima Study data

Hiroaki Iwase; Sachiko Tanaka-Mizuno; Naoyuki Takashima; Aya Kadota; Kenji Matsui; Yasuyuki Nakamaura; Katsuyuki Miura; Hirotsugu Ueshima; Yoshikuni Kita

doi:10.1186/s12872-022-02569-x

Relationship of leisure-time and household physical activity level and type with cardiovascular disease: secondary analysis of the Takashima Study data

BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2022 Mar 30;22(1):132. doi: 10.1186/s12872-022-02569-x.

Authors

Hiroaki Iwase^{1

2}, Sachiko Tanaka-Mizuno³, Naoyuki Takashima^{4

5}, Aya Kadota^{4

6}, Kenji Matsui^{4

7}, Yasuyuki Nakamaura^{4

8}, Katsuyuki Miura^{4

7}, Hirotsugu Ueshima^{4

6}, Yoshikuni Kita^{4

9}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan. iwase@kobe-kiu.ac.jpn.
² Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kobe International University, 9-1-6 Koyocho-naka, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 658-0032, Japan. iwase@kobe-kiu.ac.jpn.
³ Department of Digital Health and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
⁴ Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
⁵ Department of Public Health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan.
⁶ Center for Epidemiologic Research in Asia, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
⁷ Center for Research Administration and Support, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.
⁸ Yamashina Racto Clinic and Medical Examination Center, Kyoto, Japan.
⁹ Faculty of Nursing Science, Tsuruga Nursing University, Tsuruga, Japan.

Abstract

Background: High levels of participation in leisure-time and household physical activity lower the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), although it is unclear whether the number of activity types is related to new-onset CVD. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the amount of leisure-time physical activity and the number of types of leisure-time physical activities on the risk of CVD incidence.

Methods: From 2002 to 2003, 3,741 participants without any history of CVD participated in the Takashima Study. Data on the amount of leisure-time and household physical activity and the types of leisure-time and household physical activity were obtained from a self-administered questionnaire. Hazard ratios for CVD (acute myocardial infarction and stroke) incidence (follow-up data from 2002 to 2013), according to the participation level and number of activity types, were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results: The mean age of the subjects was 58.7 ± 13.1 years. During the mean follow-up period of 8.0 ± 1.1 years, 92 participants developed CVD. An inverse dose-response relationship was noted between the amount of leisure-time and household physical activity and CVD events. After adjusting for baseline characteristics, lifestyle-related diseases, and the amount of physical activity other than leisure-time and household, the risk of CVD onset was compared by dividing the participants into two groups by the level of participation; the highest activity group had an adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.40 (0.20-0.82) compared to the lowest activity group. Compared to participants who engaged in 0-1 type of activity, participants who engaged in two or more types of activities had a multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.31 (0.12-0.79).

Conclusion: Increasing the amount of leisure-time and household physical activity and promoting engagement in two or more types of such activities may reduce the rate of CVD incidence in the Japanese general population.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Cohort study; General population; Household physical activity; Japanese; Leisure-time physical activity.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Aged
Cardiovascular Diseases* / diagnosis
Cardiovascular Diseases* / epidemiology
Exercise
Humans
Leisure Activities
Middle Aged
Motor Activity
Myocardial Infarction*