1 School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
2 Cardiovascular Analytics Group, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology, Hong Kong, China.
3 Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Hong Kong, China.
4 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hubei, Wuhan, China.
5 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
6 Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
7 Emergency Medicine Unit, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
8 Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
9 Medicines Optimisation Research and Education (CMORE), UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom.
10 Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
11 School of Data Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. qingpeng.zhang@cityu.edu.hk.
12 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China. garytse@tmu.edu.cn.