Background: Disorders of higher visual processing often impact patients with acquired brain injury. Even with treatment, these vision conditions can cause chronic challenges for patients. Understanding these conditions and their management can help improve functional independence and quality of life.
Objectives: To discuss the various disorders of higher visual processing that result from acquired brain injury. Discussion to include classification, evaluation, and treatment techniques available to clinicians.
Methods: Peer reviewed journal articles were searched, primarily through PubMed. Articles spanning several decades were included in the review for historical context of these conditions, however an emphasis was placed on more recent publications for purposes of a discussion regarding clinical management of these conditions.
Results: Peer-reviewed articles and clinical trials from across several disciplines were included to frame a discussion of this varied group of conditions.
Conclusion: Visual processing disorders have debilitating impacts on both the rehabilitation process as well as functional independence. Varied approaches are utilized in the treatment of these conditions with limited success. Understanding the benefits and limitations of both restorative and compensatory treatments will better help clinicians manage patients with these conditions.
Keywords: Visual processing disorder; achromotopsia; akinetopsia; alexia; hemi-neglect; object agnosia; prosopagnosia; topographagnosia; unilateral visual inattention; visual agnosia; visual neglect.