Does Exercise Improve the Cardiometabolic Risk Profile of Patients with Obesity After Bariatric Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Obes Surg. 2022 Jun;32(6):2056-2068. doi: 10.1007/s11695-022-06023-x. Epub 2022 Mar 24.

Abstract

We aimed to determine the effects of different exercise types, duration, and onset after bariatric surgery (BS) on cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs). A systematic search was conducted up to July 2021. Eleven studies were identified (n = 618 participants). Overall, exercise induced reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP; - 5.33 mmHg; 95%CI - 8.99, -1.66; p < 0.01). Combined exercises elicited reductions on SBP (- 7.18 mmHg; 95%CI - 12.42, - 1.94; p < 0.01) and triglycerides (- 17.56 mg/dL; 95%CI - 34.15, - 0.96; p = 0.04). SBP reductions were also observed on interventions starting > 6 months post-BS (- 7.71 mmHg; 95%CI - 13.12, - 2.31; p < 0.01), and on > 12-week protocols (- 5.78 mmHg; 95%CI - 9.91, - 1.66; p < 0.01). Overall exercise and particularly aerobic plus resistance protocols were an effective therapy to reduce CMRFs post-BS. Benefits were also observed with interventions starting > 6 months post-BS and with > 12-week duration. Trial registration: CRD42020161175 .

Keywords: Bariatric surgery; Cardiometabolic risk factors; Exercise training; Meta-analysis; Systematic review.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Review
  • Systematic Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bariatric Surgery*
  • Blood Pressure
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / etiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Obesity / surgery
  • Obesity, Morbid* / surgery
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic