Effect of Different Concentrations of Silver Nanoparticles on the Quality of the Chemical Bond of Glass Ionomer Cement Dentine in Primary Teeth

Faisal Mohammed Abed; Sunil Babu Kotha; Haneen AlShukairi; Fatmah Nasser Almotawah; Rwan Abdulali Alabdulaly; Sreekanth Kumar Mallineni

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2022.816652

Effect of Different Concentrations of Silver Nanoparticles on the Quality of the Chemical Bond of Glass Ionomer Cement Dentine in Primary Teeth

Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Mar 7:10:816652. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.816652. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Faisal Mohammed Abed^{1

2}, Sunil Babu Kotha^{2

3}, Haneen AlShukairi², Fatmah Nasser Almotawah², Rwan Abdulali Alabdulaly⁴, Sreekanth Kumar Mallineni^{5

6}

Affiliations

¹ Ministry of Health Specialized Dental Center, King Fahd General Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
² Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University (REU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
³ Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, India.
⁴ Dental Intern, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.

Abstract

Background: The nanotechnologies have been applied for dental restorative materials manufacturing such as glass ionomer cement, composites, tooth regeneration, and endodontic sealers. The study aimed to investigate the chemical bond of conventional glass ionomer cement and to evaluate the addition of different concentrations of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the quality of the chemical bond of glass ionomer cement to primary dentin. Methods: Silver nanoparticle (AgNP) powder was added in concentrations of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6% to the conventional powder of GIC Fuji II. Then, the powder was added to the liquid and mixed with the recommended powder/liquid ratio of 3.6:1 g. The Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR) of teeth with 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% w/w of silver nanoparticles in GIC fills and the control tooth were obtained. The conventional glass ionomer was used as a control group. The control and the plain silver tooth were subjected to FTIR analysis using an ATR-FTIR spectrophotometer (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, United States) with zinc selenide (ZnSe) ATR crystal (attenuated total reflection) and OPUS v7.5 software. All spectra were recorded in the range of 500-3,500 cm^-1 in the transmission mode with an ATR module. Results: The AgNPs added at 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6% concentration to GIC provided some information in the context of bond interaction with the dentin. Various bond peaks were seen for calcium, carbonate, phosphate, and amide. In our study, only the amide and phosphate were generated. The amide peaks were almost similar to the control, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6%, with the peaks in the range of 1250-1650 cm^-1. There was a clear shift in the phosphate peak from the control, 0.2, and 0.4%, which was about 1050 cm^-1, whereas for 0.6%, there was a clear shift from 1050 cm^-1 to 880 cm^-1. Conclusion: GIC supplemented with AgNPs showed that a concentration above 0.4% of AgNPs altered the bond quality in dentin interaction. In conclusion, adding AgNPs at a minimal level improves the mechanical properties and maintains the same bond quality as GIC.

Keywords: bonding; bong strength; glass ionomer; primary teeth; silver nanoparticles.