At present, artificial intelligence (AI) has already been applied in cardiovascular imaging (e.g., image segmentation, automated measurements, and eventually, automated diagnosis) and it has been propelled to the forefront of cardiovascular medical imaging research. In this review, we presented the current status of artificial intelligence applied to image analysis of coronary atherosclerotic plaques, covering multiple areas from plaque component analysis (e.g., identification of plaque properties, identification of vulnerable plaque, detection of myocardial function, and risk prediction) to risk prediction. Additionally, we discuss the current evidence, strengths, limitations, and future directions for AI in cardiac imaging of atherosclerotic plaques, as well as lessons that can be learned from other areas. The continuous development of computer science and technology may further promote the development of this field.
Keywords: artificial intelligence; atherosclerosis; plaque characterization.