Vitamin D Metabolites in Nonmetastatic High-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients with and without Zoledronic Acid Treatment after Prostatectomy

Carsten Stephan; Bernhard Ralla; Florian Bonn; Max Diesner; Michael Lein; Klaus Jung

doi:10.3390/cancers14061560

Vitamin D Metabolites in Nonmetastatic High-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients with and without Zoledronic Acid Treatment after Prostatectomy

Cancers (Basel). 2022 Mar 18;14(6):1560. doi: 10.3390/cancers14061560.

Authors

Carsten Stephan^{1

2}, Bernhard Ralla¹, Florian Bonn³, Max Diesner³, Michael Lein⁴, Klaus Jung¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Urology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
² Berlin Institute for Urologic Research, 10115 Berlin, Germany.
³ Immundiagnostik AG, 64625 Bensheim, Germany.
⁴ Department of Urology, Sana Medical Center Offenbach, 63069 Offenbach am Main, Germany.

Abstract

There are limited and discrepant data on prostate cancer (PCa) and vitamin D. We investigated changes in three vitamin D₃ metabolites in PCa patients after prostatectomy with zoledronic acid (ZA) treatment regarding their metastasis statuses over four years. In 32 patients from the ZEUS trial, 25(OH)D₃, 24,25(OH)₂D₃, and 1,25(OH)₂D₃ were measured with liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry at four time points. All the patients received daily calcium and vitamin D₃. Bone metastases were detected in 7 of the 17 ZA-treated patients and in 5 of the 15 controls (without ZA), without differences between the groups (p = 0.725). While 25(OH)D₃ and 24,25(OH)₂D₃ increased significantly after the study's start, with following constant values, the 1,25(OH)₂D₃ concentrations remained unchanged. ZA treatment did not change the levels of the three metabolites. 25(OH)D₃ and 24,25(OH)₂D₃ were not associated with the development of bone metastases. In contrast, 1,25(OH)₂D₃ was also higher in patients with bone metastasis before the study's start. Thus, in high-risk PCa patients after prostatectomy, 25(OH)D₃, 24,25(OH)₂D₃, and 1,25(OH)₂D₃ were not affected by supportive ZA treatment or by the development of metastasis over four years, with the exception of 1,25(OH)₂D₃, which was constantly higher in metastatic patients. There might be potential prognostic value if the results can be confirmed.

Keywords: 1,25(OH)2D3; 24,25(OH)2D3; 25(OH)D3; circulating vitamin D metabolites; prostate cancer; prostatectomy; vitamin D; zoledronic acid treatment.