Production of coffee-dyed bacterial cellulose as a bio-leather and using it as a dye adsorbent

PLoS One. 2022 Mar 24;17(3):e0265743. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265743. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Owing to its sustainability and environmentally friendliness, bacterial cellulose (BC) has received attention as a zero-waste textile material. Since the color of original BC was mostly yellowish white, a dyeing process is necessary to suggest BC as a textile. Thus, this study aimed to suggest a natural dyeing method using coffee to produce an eco-friendly coffee-dyed bacterial cellulose (BC-COF) bio-leather and to propose a reusing method as a dye adsorbent. To determine the dyeing and mordanting conditions with the highest color strength value, parameters such as dyeing temperature, time, mordanting methods were evaluated. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that BC-COF was successfully colorized with coffee without changing its chemical and crystalline structures. In addition, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis confirmed that coffee molecules were successfully incorporated into fiber structures of BC. The effects of pH, concentration, temperature, and time on the adsorption of methylene blue dye using BC-COF bio-leather were also evaluated using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and zeta potential measurement. The results showed that BC-COF was found to be most effective when pH 6 of methylene blue solution with a concentration of 50 mg/L was adsorbed for 30 minutes at 25°C. Moreover, BC-COF could be reused for multiple times and had better dye adsorption rate compared to the original BC. From the results, it was confirmed that BC-COF could be employed as a dye adsorbent.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adsorption
  • Cellulose
  • Coffee
  • Coloring Agents* / chemistry
  • Kinetics
  • Methylene Blue / chemistry
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical*

Substances

  • Coffee
  • Coloring Agents
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Cellulose
  • Methylene Blue

Grants and funding

This work has supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (NRF-2019R1A2C1009217). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.