Antifungal effect, surface roughness, and cytotoxicity of three-dimensionally printed denture base with phytoncide-filled microcapsules: An in-vitro study

Sol Jeon; Ye-Hyeon Jo; Hyung-In Yoon; Jung-Suk Han

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104098

Antifungal effect, surface roughness, and cytotoxicity of three-dimensionally printed denture base with phytoncide-filled microcapsules: An in-vitro study

J Dent. 2022 May:120:104098. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104098. Epub 2022 Mar 20.

Authors

Sol Jeon¹, Ye-Hyeon Jo², Hyung-In Yoon³, Jung-Suk Han⁴

Affiliations

¹ Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
² Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
³ Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
⁴ Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

PMID: 35321828
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104098

Abstract

Objectives: To produce three-dimensionally (3D) printed removable denture bases with antifungal activity using microencapsulation of phytochemicals that inhibit Candida albicans growth.

Methods: Two types of phytoncide oil extract A and B were micro-encapsulated. The phytoncide-filled microcapsules were mixed with denture base resin for 3D printing with various concentration conditions, and manufactured into the discs by digital light processing. The microcapsule concentrations in 3D-printed discs were 2, 4, 6 and 8wt% for the phytoncide oil A, and 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25wt% for the phytoncide oil B. Nine groups with different microcapsule concentrations and a control group were prepared (n = 5). Microcapsule-containing 3D-printed denture base resin discs were evaluated in terms of surface roughness, polymerization, antifungal activity, and its persistence against C. albicans, and cytotoxicity.

Results: There was no significant difference amongst the surface roughness values of all discs. The polymerization of 3D-printed resin disc with microcapsule was different between phytoncide type A and B. The discs with phytoncide-filled microcapsules at 6wt% for type A and 15wt% for type B showed significant antifungal activities against C. albicans at 4 weeks. All discs were reported to be non-cytotoxic to human gingival fibroblasts.

Conclusions: Denture base resin discs with antifungal activities were successfully manufactured using phytoncide micro-encapsulation and digital light processing. Considering the antifungal effect and its persistence, surface roughness, polymerization, and cytotoxicity, the optimal microcapsule concentrations for 3D-printed denture bases were 6wt% and 15wt% for phytoncide A and B, respectively.

Clinical significance: Using micro-encapsulation of phytochemicals such as phytoncide oil, denture base resin materials with antifungal activities can be successfully fabricated by digital light processing.

Keywords: 3D printing; Antifungal effect; Cytotoxicity; Denture base; Microcapsule; Phytoncide.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Antifungal Agents* / pharmacology
Candida albicans
Capsules
Denture Bases* / microbiology
Humans
Monoterpenes
Printing, Three-Dimensional
Surface Properties

Substances

Antifungal Agents
Capsules
Monoterpenes
phytoncide