The one-bone forearm (OBF) is a salvage technique that may be used to correct global forearm instability secondary to osseous defects. This study aims to provide an overview of the contemporary literature regarding the OBF. A literature review was conducted electronically across MEDLINE, Embase, and PubMed databases in May 2020. Studies were eligible for inclusion if published in the English language; detailed the use of the OBF procedure to correct forearm instability; and were original data studies reporting qualitative or quantitative outcomes. Thirty-four studies, describing a cohort of 210 patients undergoing 211 OBFs, were documented in the literature. The primary etiology necessitating the OBF was trauma, followed by genetic/congenital disorders and infections. Technically, the OBF was most frequently achieved via an end-to-end osteosynthesis with plate fixation. In total, 85.0% (154/182) of OBF were fused in neutral rotation or varying degrees of pronation. Union was achieved in more than 80.0% (174/211) of OBFs. The OBF is a feasible salvage technique that has been used for a wide spectrum of pathology, providing satisfactory outcomes in most cases.
Keywords: one-bone forearm; radioulnar synostosis; single-bone forearm; ulnius.