The application of artificial intelligence (AI) is often associated with the use of large amounts of data for the construction of AI models and algorithms. This data should ideally comply with the FAIR Data principles, i.e. being findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable. However, the handling of health data poses a particular challenge in this context. In this article, we highlight the challenges of the data usage for AI in medicine using the example of anaesthesia and intensive care medicine. We discuss the current situation but also the obstacles for a wider application of AI in medicine in Europe and give suggestions how to solve the different issues. The article covers different subjects like data protection, research data infrastructures and approval of medical products. Finally, this article shows how it can nevertheless be possible to establish a secure and at the same time effective handling of data for use in AI at the European level despite its unneglectable difficulties.
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