To determine the source of Streptobacillus notomytis bacteremia in a woman in Japan with signs of rat-bite fever, we examined rat feces from her home. After culture and PCR failed to identify the causative organism in the feces, next-generation sequencing detected Streptobacillus spp., illustrating this procedure's value for identifying causative environmental organisms.
Keywords: Streptobacillus; Streptobacillus notomytis; bacteria; next-generation sequencing; rats; zoonoses.